What are the basic components of a mechanical advantage system in rope rescue?

• A. Rope, engine, ladder, helmet.
• B. Rope, pulleys, carabiners, anchors, prusiks or progress-capture devices, and a belay.
• C. Carabiners only.
• D. Pulleys only.

Answer: (B)

Mechanical advantage in rope rescue comes from using a combination of anchor points, rope, and hardware to multiply the force you can apply and to control the movement of the load. The essential pieces are: rope as the lifting medium; anchors to create a stable base and direct the line; pulleys to multiply force and redirect the rope; carabiners to connect and route components securely; prusiks or progress-capture devices to grip the rope and allow controlled holding or movement of the system; and a belay to manage rope tension, provide a controlled haul, and catch the load if something slips. This combination allows a rescuer to lift or lower heavy loads with less physical effort while maintaining safety and control. Engine-driven devices, ladders, or helmets are not part of the basic mechanical advantage setup and would not replace these core components.